Preface
Acknowledgments
Notes on transcription
Abbreviations
Maps 1 THE OTTOMANS: FROM STATEHOOD
TO EMPIRE 1300-1789
The emergence of the house of Ottoman
Growth of the military
Early Ottoman conquests and expansion
Mehmed the Conqueror and his influence
Expanding Ottoman possessions
Süleyman the Magnificent
An age of revolution
The janissary–ülema alliance
Growing European influence
2 FROM REFORM TO REVOLUTION, 1789-1908
Reform of the military
The Sublime Porte and Mehmed Ali
The movement towards Westernization
Emergence of a new middle class
Tanzimat (restructuring)
The Young Ottomans movement
Bankruptcy and upheaval: unravelling of the Ottoman empire
From autocracy to constitutionalism
Emerging traditionalism
3 THE CONSTITUTIONAL REVOLUTION: REFORM AND
WAR, 1908–1918
Restoration of the constitution
Counter-revolution
The accession of Mehmed V
Balkan wars and Ottoman defeats
The repercussions of defeat
Alliance with Germany
The Ottoman role in the First World War
4 THE KEMALIST ERA, 1919–1938
Atatürk’s background and rise to power
The birth of the national liberation movement
Birth of the republic
Republicanism takes root
Atatürk’s influence on the new republic
5 TOWARDS MULTI-PARTY POLITICS AND DEMOCRACY,
1938–1960
Inönü’s new presidency
War in Europe
The aftermath of the Second World War
The formation of the Democrat Party
The general elections of 1946 and 1950
The Cold War and its effects on Turkey
Domestic politics
Economic concerns
The army enters the fray
6 MILITARY GUARDIANS, 1960–1980
Government by junta
National Unity Committee: interim government
The ‘Second Republic’
Economic reforms
Changing societal structures
The formation of new political parties
The new politics and the wider world
The Cyprus question
Political fragmentation
The memorandum regime and after, 1971–1980
The general election of 1973
Coalition government: RPP–NSP
Turkey’s renewed strategic importance
Mounting economic gloom
7 THE MILITARY, THE PARTIES AND GLOBALIZATION,
1980–2003
Restructuring the political system
The establishment of new political parties
The general election of 1983
Former political leaders re-emerge
Economic problems return to the fore
Turkey’s changing social and political landscape
The Kurdish question
Turkey and the EEC
Turkey’s political malaise
New political coalitions
Continuing political instability and its effects on the
economy
Secularists and Islamists
The increasing importance of EU entry
Chronology of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey
Glossary
Index |
